Web browsing optimization over 2.5G and 3G: end-to-end mechanisms vs. usage of performance enhancing proxies
Gómez Montenegro, Carlos; Catalán Cid, María Luisa; Viamonte Solé, David; Paradells Aspas, Josep; Calveras Augé, Anna M.
2.5 Generation (2.5G) and Third Generation (3G) cellular wireless networks allow mobile Internet access withbearers specifically designed for data communications. However, Internet protocols under-utilize wireless widearea network (WWAN) link resources, mainly due to large round trip times (RTTs) and request–reply protocolpatterns. Web browsing is a popular service that suffers significant performance degradation over 2.5G and 3G. Inthis paper, we review and compare the two main approaches for improving web browsing performance over wirelesslinks: (i) using adequate end-to-end parameters and mechanisms and (ii) interposing a performance enhancingproxy (PEP) between the wireless and wired parts. We conclude that PEPs are currently the only feasible way forsignificantly optimizing web browsing behavior over 2.5G and 3G. In addition, we evaluate the two main currentcommercial PEPs over live general packet radio service (GPRS) and universal mobile telecommunications system(UMTS) networks. The results show that PEPs can lead to near-ideal web browsing performance in certain scenarios.
Published version on Wiley's platform: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/wcm.456
Web browsing optimization over 2.5G and 3G: end-to-end mechanisms vs. usage of performance enhancing proxies
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Benefits of using mobile ad-hoc network protocols in federated satellite systems for polar satellite missions
Benefits of using mobile ad-hoc network protocols in federated satellite systems for polar satellite missions
Ruiz de Azúa Ortega, Joan Adrià; Camps Carmona, Adriano José; Calveras Augé, Anna M.
The Operational Network of Individual Observation Nodes (ONION) project evaluated the benefits of applying Distributed Satellite System (DSS) architectures to Earth Observation. One of its outcomes is the identification of Arctic services as top priority current user needs that require near-realtime observations. Using Inter-Satellite Communications (ISC) capabilities, a Federated Satellite System (FSS) can establish a win-win collaboration between two spacecrafts to provide these services. However, as a FSS is established during the contact between two satellites, the service duration is limited. Therefore, the Internet of Satellites (IoSat) paradigm promotes the use of multi-hop sporadic networks to deploy FSS. In this context, the routing protocol (which identifies routes between a source-destination pair) becomes crucial. One of the most extended networks is the Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET), in which nodes are constantly moving and changing the network topology. In principle, applying MANET technologies in the IoSat context would provide self-organization, self-configuration, and flexibility to satellite systems. The Optimized Link-State Routing (OLSR) protocol is the predominant solution in MANET, because it quickly reacts against topology changes. This article aims at studying the benefits of using satellite networks with MANET solutions (e.g. OLSR) for polar satellite missions. The results presented in this article demonstrate that the access time is significantly improved, and thus these new Arctic services can be achieved.
© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
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Softwarized LTE self-backhauling solution and its evaluation
Softwarized LTE self-backhauling solution and its evaluation
Gamboa Jimenez, Gonzalo; Seyfettin Demirkol, Ilker
Long Term Evolution (LTE) is projected to be the mostly used mobile technology before 2020, thanks to the high data rates, all IP-based and simplified architecture it brings compared to previous mobile network technologies. To address the exponential data requirements of the future, a targeted solution for LTE is network densification, i.e., deploying small cells (cells with reduced radius compared to macro cells), which will enable better frequency reuse. However, a challenge here is the backhauling of the evolved-NodeBs (eNBs) used for small cells, since the fiber-based backhauling is costly and is not always feasible given the physical environment. For this, a recent idea is to use LTE self-backhauling, where an eNB can relay its data to another eNB through the use of LTE technology. In this paper, we develop and evaluate an implementation of LTE Self-Backhauling building on an open-source software and commodity hardware (specifically, regular PCs and low-cost software-defined radios) for the LTE system. For this, we implement a self-backhauled eNodeB, which connects to another eNB through an LTE connection. Through physical experimentation using off-the-shelf user equipments (UEs), we show that the method proposed is viable and can improve the network coverage and the throughput of the network.
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Software-based implementation of LTE/Wi-Fi aggregation and its impact on higher layer protocols
Software-based implementation of LTE/Wi-Fi aggregation and its impact on higher layer protocols
Ibarra Gómez, David; Desai, Nitin Pradeep; Seyfettin Demirkol, Ilker
Due to the fast growing of data consumed in mobile devices through cellular networks, solutions that provide higher data rates are an important target for the mobile networking community. One such solution is the aggregation of mobile technologies (most commonly LTE) with wireless LAN solutions (most commonly Wi-Fi). Seeing its potential impact, 3GPP has devised the LTE/Wi-Fi Aggregation (LWA) specification, which defines a tight coupling between eNBs and Wi-Fi Access Points (APs). In this paper, we implement and evaluate an LWA solution, and compare its performance to the one for full offloading (only Wi-Fi) and no offloading (only LTE) through physical experimentation. The developed prototype LWA solution is based on open source and commodity hardware, which promises a low-cost and easily implementable LWA solution. Aggregation and offloading process are managed by the eNB, therefore, the core network remains intact without any modification. Physical experiments are done to detail the network performances for all these three policies for TCP and UDP traffic and both for uplink and downlink connections. In TCP transmissions with LWA policy, the different delays between Wi-Fi and LTE links causes the performance degradation because of the out-of-order arrivals of the segments. For this, we evaluate a solution where an artificial delay is added to reduce the number of out-of-order packets.
©2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
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Modeling the connectivity of Data-Channel-based Bluetooth Low Energy mesh networks
Modeling the connectivity of Data-Channel-based Bluetooth Low Energy mesh networks
Darroudi, Seyed Mahdi; Gómez Montenegro, Carlos
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) has become one of the most popular low-power wireless technologies. While BLE was originally designed for star topology networks only, recent developments have focused on enabling mesh network topology support for BLE. An emerging category of BLE mesh network initiatives is based on routing data units over BLE data channels. This letter investigates the fundamental connectivity parameters of data-channel-based BLE mesh networks, such as the probability of no isolation of a node and network K-connectivity. We provide an analytical model for both parameters which is validated by means of extensive simulations.
© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
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Transmitter localization in vessel-like diffusive channels using ring-shaped molecular receivers
Transmitter localization in vessel-like diffusive channels using ring-shaped molecular receivers
Turan, Meriç; Akdeniz, Bayram Cevdet; Kuran, Mehmet Sükrü; Yilmaz, Hüseyin Birkan; Seyfettin Demirkol, Ilker; Pusane, Ali Emre; Tugcu, Tuna
Molecular communication via diffusion in vessellike environment targets critical applications such as detection of abnormal and unhealthy cells. In this work, we derive the analytical formulation of the channel model for diffusion dominated movement, considering ring-shaped (i.e., patch) observing receivers and Poiseuille flow with the aim of localization of the transmitter cell. Then, we derive formulations using this channel model for two different application scenarios. We assume that the emission start time is known in the first scenario, and unknown in the second one. We successfully localize the transmitter cell using a single receiver for the first scenario, whereas two receivers are used to localize the transmitter cell in the second scenario. Lastly, the devised analytical framework is validated with simulations.
© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
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Mean waiting time in the M/H2/s queue: application to mobile communications Systems
Mean waiting time in the M/H2/s queue: application to mobile communications Systems
Barceló Arroyo, Francisco; Paradells Aspas, Josep; Aguilar Igartua, Mónica
In this paper a procedure to approximately calculate the mean waiting time in the M/H2/s queue is presented. The approximation is heuristic although based in the intuitive symmetry between the deterministic and balanced hyperexponential-2 distributions. The three parameters which fully describe the H2 distribution are considered, so the approximation can also be used for the M/G/s queue when the first three moments are known. If only the first two moments of the holding time distribution are known, the estimation can also be applied accepting a lesser accuracy. The estimation proposed is a closed formula extremely easy to compute and the results are very accurate. This features makes it helpful in the design of mobile telecommunication systems with more than one channel and queueing allowed (like trunking Private Mobile Radio PMR systems), where holding time distributions with coefficients of variation higher than one may appear.
As a second stage, the possibility of calls owning a certain level of priority is studied. Two service classes are considered according to a non-preemtive priority scheme (also known as Head Of the Line or HOL). This priority feature is often required in mobile telecommunications systems to improve the access delay of some special calls by degrading the delay suffered by the rest. If the proportion of calls owning priority is kept low, the degradation is shared by many calls and then kept small. In this paper a procedure to estimate the mean waiting time in queue for each priority class is presented. This procedure is also very easy to compute.
The environment for which the results of this paper are intended suggests medium or heavy overall load and light priority load (priority proportion is kept low). This is the situation under which the accuracy of the proposed method is checked. Although simulations are necessary in the final phase of the design, the procedure presented here is helpful as a first quick insight into the system performance.
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A Sigfox energy consumption model
A Sigfox energy consumption model
Gómez Montenegro, Carlos; Veras Revelles, Juan Carlos; Vidal Ferré, Rafael; Casals Ibáñez, Lluís; Paradells Aspas, Josep
Sigfox has become one of the main Low-Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technologies, as it has attracted the attention of the industry, academy and standards development organizations in recent years. Sigfox devices, such as sensors or actuators, are expected to run on limited energy sources; therefore, it is crucial to investigate the energy consumption of Sigfox. However, the literature has only focused on this topic to a very limited extent. This paper presents an analytical model that characterizes device current consumption, device lifetime and energy cost of data delivery with Sigfox. In order to capture a realistic behavior, the model has been derived from measurements carried out on a real Sigfox hardware module. The model allows quantifying the impact of relevant Sigfox parameters and mechanisms, as well as frame losses, on Sigfox device energy performance. Among others, evaluation results show that the considered Sigfox device, powered by a 2400 mAh battery, can achieve a theoretical lifetime of 1.5 or 2.5 years while sending one message every 10 min at 100 bit/s or 600 bit/s, respectively, and an asymptotic lifetime of 14.6 years as the message transmission rate decreases.
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Performance analysis of power adjustment methods in molecular communication via diffusion [Difuzyon ile moleküler iletisimdeki guç ayarlama metodlarinin performans analizi]
Performance analysis of power adjustment methods in molecular communication via diffusion [Difuzyon ile moleküler iletisimdeki guç ayarlama metodlarinin performans analizi]
Turan, Meriç; Tugcu, Tuna; Yilmaz, Hüseyin Birkan
In this paper, performance of binary concentration shift keying (BCSK), BCSK with power adjustment (BCSK-PA), and BCSK with consecutive power adjustment (BCSK-CPA) are analyzed in terms of bit error rate (BER), energy, and memory within the context of molecular communication via diffusion. As the communication environment, vessel-like environment is realized. The results show that BCSK-PA outperforms BCSK and BCSK-CPA in BER and energy analysis. Yet, it is outperformed by BCSK and BCSK-CPA in memory requirements. BCSK-CPA performs between BCSK and BCSK-PA in all three analysis that shows BCSK-CPA is a nice option to have comparatively low BER and energy usage when the system has low memory requirement. © 2018 IEEE.
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Towards an integral model-based simulator for autonomous earth observation satellite networks
Towards an integral model-based simulator for autonomous earth observation satellite networks
Ruiz De Azúa Ortega, Juan Adrián; Araguz López, Carles; Calveras Augé, Anna M.; Alarcón Cot, Eduardo José; Camps Carmona, Adriano José
During these years, novel Distributed Satellite Systems (DSS) have disrupted traditional space segment paradigms. In particular, Federated Satellite Systems and fractionated spacecraft have explored the benefits of interacting satellite networks and are envisioned to improve Earth observation performance while maximizing mission utility. Inter-Satellite Communications capabilities and spacecraft coordination mechanisms are cornerstone aspects that need be designed and evaluated to achieve many of the envisioned DSS characteristics (e.g. in-orbit data services, autonomous mission planning). Given the system complexity, heterogeneity and large-scale, the design of these critical features has to be grounded on simulation-based frameworks. Consequently, this paper presents the design of a highly modular and reconfigurable software that enables the emulation of DSS. The paper motivates the design and discusses its adaptability to future user needs.
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Two way molecular communications
Two way molecular communications
Kwack, J.W.; Yilmaz, Hüseyin Birkan; Farsad, Nariman; Chae, Chan-Byoung; Goldsmith, Andrea
For nano-scale communications, there must be cooperation and simultaneous communication between nano devices. To this end, we investigate two way (a.k.a. bi-directional) molecular communications between nano devises. By using a different type of molecules for the communication link, the proposed system eliminates the need to consider self-interference (SI). Using a different type of molecule for each communication link, however, is infeasible given the number of nano devices involved in such applications. Thus, we propose a two way molecular communication system using a single type of molecules. We analyze the proposed system's bit error rate (BER), throughput, channel models, and SI. Moreover, we propose analog- and digital- self-interference cancellation (SIC) techniques. Numerical and analytical results confirm the enhancement of linklevel performances.
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Evolutionary 4G/5G network architecture assisted efficient handover signaling
Evolutionary 4G/5G network architecture assisted efficient handover signaling
Jain, Akshay; López Aguilera, M. Elena; Seyfettin Demirkol, Ilker
Future wireless networks are expected to be ultra-dense and heterogeneous not just in terms of the number and type of base stations but also in terms of the number of users and the application types they access. Such a network architecture will require mobility management mechanisms that adapt rapidly to these highly dynamic network characteristics. In particular, the optimality of the handover signaling within these future network architectures will be extremely critical given their density and heterogeneity. In this paper, the optimality is relevant for both the total amount of signaling created and the total delay per handover process. In this paper, we first present a novel and optimized message mapping and signaling mechanism for the handover preparation and failure phases. We also develop a novel handover failure aware preparation signaling methodology, which accounts for the possibility of a handover failure and grants additional enhancements to the handover preparation and failure signaling phases. Through the analytical framework provided in this paper, we conduct studies to quantify the performance gains promised by the proposed mechanisms. These studies cover myriad handover scenarios as identified by 3GPP and use the statistics from cellular network operators and vendors. We then develop the idea and analytical framework for network wide analysis, in which the network wide processing cost and network occupation time for various handover failure rates are computed. Finally, we propose an evolutionary network architecture that facilitates the proposed signaling mechanism as well as assists operators in maintaining a manageable capital expenditure. It combines the current day and 3GPP proposed 5G network architecture with the software-defined networking approach. As a result, we argue that the proposed mechanisms are viable and outperform the legacy handover signaling mechanisms in terms of latency incurred, total network occupation time, number of messages generated, and total bytes transferred.
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Spectrum trading in virtualized multi-tenant 5G networks
Spectrum trading in virtualized multi-tenant 5G networks
Tsirakis, C.; López Aguilera, M. Elena; Matzoros, P.; Agapiou, George; Varoutas, D.
In this research work, we analyze the problem of spectrum trading in virtualized multi-tenant 5G networks using principles from matching theory. More specifically, we deal with the matching problem among the Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) and the Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs) and we propose a matching scheme that takes into account the preferences of each entity in terms of different utility variables. Our proposal includes a many-to-many matching scheme, that is an extension of the deferred acceptance algorithm, where each MNO and MVNO can cooperate with one or more MVNOs and MNOs, respectively. The performance of our proposed scheme is finally investigated by comparing it with various schemes and some useful conclusions are drawn.
© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
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Molecular signal modeling of a partially counting absorbing spherical receiver
Molecular signal modeling of a partially counting absorbing spherical receiver
Akdeniz, Bayram Cevdet; Turgut, Nafi Ahmet; Yilmaz, Hüseyin Birkan; Chae, Chan-Byoung; Tugcu, Tuna; Pusane, Ali Emre
To communicate at the nanoscale, researchers have proposed molecular communication as an energy-efficient solution. The drawback to this solution is that the histogram of the molecules’ hitting times, which constitute the molecular signal at the receiver, has a heavy tail. Reducing the effects of this heavy tail, inter-symbol interference (ISI), has been the focus of most prior research. In this paper, a novel way of decreasing the ISI by defining a counting region on the spherical receiver’s surface facing towards the transmitter node is proposed. The beneficial effect comes from the fact that the molecules received from the back lobe of the receiver are more likely to be coming through longer paths that contribute to ISI. In order to justify this idea, the joint distribution of the arrival molecules with respect to angle and time is derived. Using this distribution, the channel model function is approximated for the proposed system, i.e., the partially counting absorbing spherical receiver. After validating the channel model function, the characteristics of the molecular signal are investigated and improved performance is presented. Moreover, the optimal counting region in terms of bit error rate is found analytically.
2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
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Voxel-based simulation approach for molecular communications via diffusion
Voxel-based simulation approach for molecular communications via diffusion
Yilmaz, Hüseyin Birkan; Gutiérrez, Xabier; Seyfettin Demirkol, Ilker
Molecular communications via diffusion (MCvD) systems are easily simulated for micro-scale topologies and applications. On the other hand, due to the high path loss, there is a need for the emission of a very large number of molecules to have a detectable signal for the macro-scale topologies. Therefore, the simulation of macro-scale MCvD systems or applications has its own challenges. In this work, a voxel-based simulator for MCvD is proposed and analyzed. The proposed simulator is able to consider a very large amount of molecules since it does not track every molecule, instead it simulates the aggregate behavior. We assess the correctness of such a simulation approach through comparative studies with a particle-based (i.e., per-molecule) simulation. We present the effect of voxel side-length on the modeling accuracy and devise a framework for selecting the optimal voxel side-length for high-accuracy simulations.
© . This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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Intertwined localization and error-resilient geographic routing for mobile wireless sensor networks
Intertwined localization and error-resilient geographic routing for mobile wireless sensor networks
Benkhelifa, Imane; Moussaoui, Samira; Seyfettin Demirkol, Ilker
Geographic routing in wireless sensor networks brings numerous inherent advantages, albeit its performance relying heavily on accurate node locations. In mobile networks, localization of the continuously moving nodes is a challenging task and location errors are inevitable and affect considerably routing decisions. Our proposal is in response to the unrealistic assumption widely made by previous geographic routing protocols that the accurate location of mobile nodes can be obtained at any time. Such idealized assumption results in under-performing or infeasible routing protocols for the real world applications. In this paper, we propose INTEGER, a localization method intertwined with a new location-error-resilient geographic routing specifically designed for mobile sensor networks even when these networks are intermittently connected. By combining the localization phase with the geographic routing process, INTEGER can select a relay node based on nodes’ mobility predictions from the localization phase. Results show that INTEGER improves the efficiency of the routing by increasing the packet delivery ratio and by reducing the energy consumption while minimizing the number of relay nodes compared to six prevalent protocols from the literature.
“This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Wireless Networks. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11276-018-1836-7”
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Channel model of molecular communication via diffusion in a vessel-like environment Considering a Partially Covering Receiver
Channel model of molecular communication via diffusion in a vessel-like environment Considering a Partially Covering Receiver
Turan, Meriç; Kuran, Mehmet Sükrü; Yilmaz, Hüseyin Birkan; Seyfettin Demirkol, Ilker; Tugcu, Tuna
By considering potential health problems that a fully covering receiver may cause in vessel-like environments, the implementation of a partially covering receiver is needed. To this end, distribution of hitting location of messenger molecules (MM) is analyzed within the context of molecular communication via diffusion with the aim of channel modeling. The distribution of these MMs for a fully covering receiver is analyzed in two parts: angular and radial dimensions. For the angular distribution analysis, the receiver is divided into 180 slices to analyze the mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation of these slices. For the axial distance distribution analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is applied for different significance levels. Also, two different implementations of the reflection from the vessel surface (i.e., rollback and elastic reflection) are compared and mathematical representation of elastic reflection is given. The results show that MMs have tendency to spread uniformly beyond a certain ratio of the distance to the vessel radius. By utilizing the uniformity, we propose a channel model for the partially covering receiver in vessel-like environments and validate the proposed model by simulations.
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Cooperative spectrum sharing in 5G access and backhaul networks
Cooperative spectrum sharing in 5G access and backhaul networks
Rony, Rakibul Islam; López Aguilera, M. Elena; García Villegas, Eduard
Stringent demands for a continuous evolution of cellular networks push today academic and industrial researchers to re-think backhaul solutions for 5G. In one hand, wireless backhaul solutions are cost effective and easy to deploy but suffer from limited capacity. On the other hand, wired solutions have the potential to meet bandwidth requirements but usually involve higher costs. Thus, adoption of heterogeneous technologies will be necessary. Moreover, in 5G, access and backhaul networks will work closely, and therefore, total separation of their resources may not be possible anymore; rather, cooperation between the two portions of the cellular network is desirable. Subsequently, cooperative access-backhaul mechanisms become necessary to ensure the best use of the scarce resources, i.e. bandwidth. Hence, in this paper we present the idea of spectrum sharing among different links from a cooperative access-backhaul mechanism point of view. We present simulation results for different approaches of such sharing from a common spectrum pool. The results show that traffic-aware approaches show increased fairness thus reinforcing the idea of cooperative access-backhaul mechanisms as essential strategies in current and future networks.
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Optimization of 5G fronthaul based on functional splitting at PHY layer
Optimization of 5G fronthaul based on functional splitting at PHY layer
Rony, Rakibul Islam; López Aguilera, M. Elena; García Villegas, Eduard
5G is coming with a promise to provide ubiquitous coverage with high data rate availability. To do so, densification of access points to enhance the system capacity is anticipated. For managing such densely populated network, 5G will be employing Centralized Radio Access Network (CRAN), where most of the Radio Access Network (RAN) functionalities are centralized in a central processing unit. This centralization reduces operational costs and eases implementation of advanced technologies, such as, Cooperative multipoint (CoMP) and enhanced inter-cell interference coordination (eICIC), in a cost efficient way. However, CRAN imposes stringent requirements on the fronthaul, i.e. the link connecting access points to the central unit, in terms of capacity and latency. Furthermore, future fronthaul networks are expected to rely on wireless technologies, since wired options are costly, not scalable and not always suitable for all scenarios. Therefore, meeting the expected requirements of fronthaul network utilizing capacity-limited wireless technologies may become an inescapable bottleneck. In this paper, we study different functional splits at the PHY layer in terms of data rate requirements and operational cost, and discuss the combination of different splits aimed at minimizing the overall cost and maximizing the centralization gains, while keeping the capacity requirements below the limit of the fronthaul.
© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
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Access-aware backhaul optimization in 5G
Access-aware backhaul optimization in 5G
Rony, Rakibul Islam; López Aguilera, M. Elena; García Villegas, Eduard
Aggressive demand of future access network services is being translated into the stringent requirement on future backhaul infrastructure. It is not possible to take the backhaul resources for granted anymore; rather, more focused research is required to tackle the challenge of limited resources. It is also anticipated that, to meet the expectation of 5G, access and backhaul networks will work closely and therefore, total separation of their resources may not be possible anymore and joint operation is required. In this paper, we argue that, joint access-backhaul mechanisms is becoming necessary to ensure the best use of the scarce resources. We introduce the problem of statically assigning resources to capacity-limited backhaul links and we provide preliminary results to show the potential benefits of an intelligent access-aware backhaul capacity optimization scheme, where a central controller optimizes backhaul capacity according to corresponding access network requirements. Simulation results show that, with this approach, we are able to carry more traffic in a network limited by its backhaul capacity.
The final publication is available at ACM via http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3265863.3265881
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