On-demand satellite payload execution strategy for natural disasters monitoring using LoRa: observation requirements and optimum medium access layer mechanisms
Fernandez Capon, Lara Pilar; Ruiz de Azua, Joan Adria; Calveras Augé, Anna M.; Camps, Adriano
Natural disasters and catastrophes are responsible for numerous casualties and important
economic losses. They can be monitored either with in-situ or spaceborne instruments. However,
these monitoring systems are not optimal for an early detection and constant monitoring. An optimi-
sation of these systems could benefit from networks of Internet of Things (IoT) sensors on the Earth’s
surface, capable of automatically triggering on-demand executions of the spaceborne instruments.
However, having a vast amount of sensors communicating at once with one satellite in view also
poses a challenge in terms of the medium access layer (MAC), since, due to packet collisions, packet
losses can occur. As part of this study, the monitoring requirements for an ideal spatial nodes density
and measurement update frequencies of those sensors are provided. In addition, a study is performed
to compare different MAC protocols, and to assess the sensors density that can be achieved with
each of these protocols, using the LoRa technology, and concluding the feasibility of the monitoring
requirements identified.
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